What is BCR in CLL?

The B cell receptor (BCR) expressed on the malignant cells in CLL contributes to disease pathogenesis by providing signals for survival and proliferation, and the signal transduction pathway initiated by engagement of this receptor is now the target of several therapeutic strategies.

Is CLL always B cell?

More than 95% of people with CLL have the B-cell type. And, about 1% of people with B-cell leukemia have a type called B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL). T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. The T-cell type of CLL is now called T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia.

Is CLL a B cell malignancy?

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a malignancy of CD5+ B-cells characterized by the accumulation of small, mature-appearing neoplastic lymphocytes in the blood, bone marrow and lymphoid tissues, thereby resulting in lymphocytosis, marrow infiltration, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly.

What is BCR in immunology?

Definition. The B-cell receptor (BCR) is an immunoglobulin molecule forming a type I transmembrane protein on the surface of B cells. The BCR transmits activatory signals into the B cell following its recognition of a specific antigen.

What is the BCR complex?

Definition. The B-cell receptor complex, crucial in the detection of antigen leading to antigen presentation to T cells, is composed of IgM (two light and two heavy chains), Igα, and Igβ chains.

What type of antibody is BCR?

Structure of the BCR The BCR is composed of membrane immunoglobulin (mIg); a structure of four (in the case of IgD) or five (IgM) immunoglobulin domains in the heavy chain linked by a hinge, and a short intracellular domain consisting of just three amino acids: lysine, valine, lysine (KVK).

How does BCR signaling work in CLL cells?

BCR signaling in CLL Characteristic . CLL cells . sIg expression Low CD79b expression Low Response to antigen stimulation Variable Syk/Lyn/Btk expression Elevated

Are there any inhibitors of the BCR signaling pathway?

Although BCR signaling antagonists are exciting, the complexity of this pathway suggests that there may be many options for targeted inhibition, and the ideal target or specific kinase inhibitor may have yet to be identified.

Are there any inhibitors of the B cell receptor?

This knowledge has allowed for the development of inhibitors of the B-cell receptor (BCR) pathway, which have demonstrated promising early clinical activity in refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and NHL.

What is the role of BTK in BCR signaling?

Btk is a member of the tyrosine protein kinase (Tec) family of kinases and has a critical role in the amplification of the BCR signal, as demonstrated by profound BCR signaling defects associated with its loss of function in X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) and its mouse counterpart X-linked immunodeficiency (XID).