What does CTD measure?

A CTD measures Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth. In oceanography, pressure in a body of water is measured in decibars; the pressure at the surface of the water is 0 decibars.

How is deep sea temperature measured?

Most deeper ocean temperature data are measured from drifters. There are over 3000 drifters in the ocean today. Ocean drifters are usually placed at a particular place in the ocean and then descend to a predefined depth where they record a time series of water temperature while moving with the currents at that depth.

What is CTD in oceanography?

A CTD — an acronym for Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth — is the primary tool for determining essential physical properties of sea water.

What are the 2 types of temperature sensor?

Semiconductor based temperature sensor ICs come in two different types: local temperature sensor and remote digital temperature sensor. Local temperature sensors are ICs that measure their own die temperature by using the physical properties of a transistor.

How does a CTD sensor work?

Each component of the CTD takes different measurements, and these measurements are often processed through computer software to create specific parameters. For example, the CTD will take a measure of conductivity, temperature and pressure, and process these into a measure of salinity.

Why do oceanographers use it?

Physical oceanographers study the physical conditions and physical processes within the ocean such as waves, currents, eddies, gyres and tides; the transport of sand on and off beaches; coastal erosion; and the interactions of the atmosphere and the ocean.

Why is the ocean water salty Upsc?

Factors Affecting Ocean Salinity The salinity of water in the surface layer of oceans depend mainly on evaporation and precipitation. Surface salinity is greatly influenced in coastal regions by the fresh water flow from rivers, and in polar regions by the processes of freezing and thawing of ice.

Which temperature sensor is more accurate?

An RTD is the most accurate and stable temperature sensor and is more linear than a thermocouple or thermistor. However, RTDs are the slowest and most expensive temperature sensors. Therefore, they it precision applications where accuracy is critical while speed and cost are less important.

What causes deep water currents?

In contrast to wind-driven surface currents, deep-ocean currents are caused by differences in water density. The process that creates deep currents is called thermohaline circulation—“thermo” referring to temperature and “haline” to saltiness. This water also cools and sinks, keeping a deep current in motion.

What are the 4 types of oceanographers?

Oceanography is an interdisciplinary science where math, physics, chemistry, biology and geology intersect. Traditionally, we discuss oceanography in terms of four separate but related branches: physical oceanography, chemical oceanography, biological oceanography and geological oceanography.