What is the function of UCP1?

UCP1 is a Respiration Uncoupler, Shunting the Normal Proton Circuit and is Physiologically Regulated. , or the so-called proton-motive force Δp, is used to drive ATP synthesis by ATP-synthase. The proton gradient slows respiratory chain activity and facilitates ATP synthesis.

What is UCP1 gene?

UCP1 (Uncoupling Protein 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Glucose / Energy Metabolism and Respiratory electron transport, ATP synthesis by chemiosmotic coupling, and heat production by uncoupling proteins..

What activates UCP1?

UCP1 is activated by long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) that are produced within brown adipocytes by the lipolysis of cytoplasmic lipid droplets upon adrenergic stimulation of BAT (Cannon and Nedergaard, 2004).

What enzyme does UCP1 replace?

UCP1 catalyzes proton leak across the mitochondrial inner membrane to disengage substrate oxidation from ATP production. It is well established that UCP1 is activated by fatty acids and inhibited by purine nucleotides, but precisely how this regulation occurs remains unsettled.

What causes thermogenesis?

Some hormones, such as norepinephrine and leptin, may stimulate thermogenesis by activating the sympathetic nervous system. Rising insulin levels after eating may be responsible for diet-induced thermogenesis (thermic effect of food). Progesterone also increases body temperature.

How can uncoupling be used to produce heat?

The proton leak via uncoupling proteins makes mitochondria respiration more inefficient, thus generates more heat as by product. Essentially, the proton leak itself does not directly generate heat. Instead, it causes higher level of mitochondrial respiration (more combustion) which generates heat.

Is UCP1 an enzyme?

This study demonstrated that elimination of the gene expressing uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1), the enzyme responsible for thermogenesis, prevented musculoskeletal hyperalgesia in response to either a swim or BRL37344. human and rodent Brown adipose tissue have similar UCP1 function per mitochondrion.

Who discovered UCP1?

Uncoupling protein 1 was discovered in 1978 by David Nicholls, Vibeke Bernson, and Gillian Heaton and shown to be the protein responsible for this uncoupling effect. UCP1 was later purified for the first time in 1980 and was first cloned in 1988.

What 2 tissues in the body are responsible for most thermogenesis?

Thermogenesis is defined as the dissipation of energy through the production of heat and occurs in specialised tissues including brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.

Are there any uncoupling proteins related to UCP1?

One branch of the superfamily contains a number of UCP1-related proteins, all referred to as uncoupling proteins. It is still very unclear whether any of these “novel” uncoupling proteins, despite the names, have any mitochondrial uncoupling function under normal circumstances.

Is the UCP1 gene expressed in brown adipose tissue?

UCPs contain the three homologous protein domains of MACPs. This gene is expressed only in brown adipose tissue, a specialized tissue which functions to produce heat. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] UCP1 (Uncoupling Protein 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with UCP1 include Lipomatosis, Multiple Symmetric and Lipomatosis .

What is the difference between UCP1 and UCP3?

In contrast to UCP1, UCP2 is expressed in all tissues examined so far, while UCP3 is expressed predominantly in skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue with lower levels in white adipose tissue and the heart. Additional homology cloning efforts identified brain mitochondrial carrier protein 1 (BMCP1 or UCP5).

What kind of diseases are associated with UCP1?

UCP1 (Uncoupling Protein 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with UCP1 include Lipomatosis, Multiple Symmetric and Lipomatosis . Among its related pathways are PPAR signaling pathway and Respiratory electron transport, ATP synthesis by chemiosmotic coupling, and heat production by uncoupling proteins. .